What Is Oasis In Healthcare?

What Is Oasis In Healthcare
The Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) is a group of standard data elements designed to enable systematic comparative measurement of home health care patient outcomes at two points in time in adult skilled Medicare and Medicaid, non-maternity home health care patients.

The Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) is a group of standard data elements developed, tested and refined over the past two decades through an extensive research and demonstration program funded largely by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the New York State Department of Health.

The OASIS data elements are designed to enable systematic comparative measurement of home health care patient outcomes at two points in time in adult skilled Medicare and Medicaid, non-maternity home health care patients. Outcome measures are the basis for outcome-based quality improvement (OBQI) efforts that home health agencies (HHAs) can employ to assess and improve the quality of care they provide to patients.

An example of an OASIS-based outcome measure is whether a patient improves in the ability to ambulate between home health start of care and discharge, with ambulation ability measured according to a precise zero-to-five scale (as indicated by the OASIS ambulation item).
A new version of OASIS, OASIS-C, was implemented in January, 2010.

It represents the most comprehensive revision to OASIS since its original release in 1999. OASIS-C items were created to increase clarity in measurement, replace items being eliminated from the previous version of OASIS, and measure processes of care through the use of assessment tools (included in a comprehensive assessment) or the planning and delivery of specific clinical interventions.

The OASIS was not intended to be a comprehensive assessment instrument.
Instead, OASIS data items are collected at start of care, 60-day follow-ups and discharge (and surrounding an inpatient-facility stay) and are incorporated into a comprehensive patient assessment.
Home health agencies (HHAs) will find it necessary to supplement the OASIS items in order to comprehensively assess the health status and care needs of patients.

For example, the OASIS does not include vital signs which are a common part of a patient assessment. OASIS patient assessment data collected by the HHAs and submitted to the State of Ohio at the specific time points listed above in accordance with federal regulations serve to meet the quality reporting requirements necessary for CMS to administer HHA payment rate methodologies.

HHA’s that do not comply with the OASIS reporting requirements are liable for a reduction in their reimbursement rate. Additionally, some of the OASIS items submitted to the state will be reflected on the Home Health Compare website, Home Health Compare can be used to review the performance of agencies in a specific area, help HHAs identify opportunities for quality improvement, as well as answer patient’s questions and educate them about their choices.

For assistance with OASIS issues, please use click this Contact List, The Bureau of Survey and Certification offers periodic training on OASIS, Please click this Education Information page. Additional OASIS resources are available at the following: QIES Technical Support Office (Announcements, Forms, Downloads, Guides and Manuals) Process Based Quality Improvement Manual Outcome Based Quality Improvement Manual Outcome Based Quality Monitoring Manual OASIS Downloads and Documentation OASIS Users Manual Introduction to the OASIS-D Webinar Section GG: Functional Abilities and Goals Webinar

What is oasis in medical terms?

The Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) is a group of standard data elements home health agencies (HHAs) integrate into their comprehensive assessment, to collect and report quality data to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).

What is Oasis documentation for?

OASIS in Home Health Requirements & Documentation Explained OASIS stands for Outcome and Assessment Information Set. The Home Health OASIS is a standardized data set that measures quality and outcomes. It contains information regarding the patient such as the clinical condition, comorbidities, physical and mental state, functional status, living situation and health care needs.

What does Oasis stand for in insurance?

Frequently Asked Questions – What is OASIS? What is Registration? What is the Work Items Basket Section? What is the Access Other Work Items Section? What is a “Token”? What is the Begin New Work Item Section? How To Create a New Work Item. What is “Sharing” in the OASIS System? How to “Share” the Work Items in the OASIS System.

How to Use the “Share” Link on the “Access Other Work Items” Section. How to Delete or Resubmit an Incorrect File. About Original Signatures for Form A and Form D. About Amendments. Late Filing Fee Assessments. Invalid File Path Error and How to Fix It. What is OASIS? Oasis stands for the Online Assistance System for Insurer Submittals,

The California Department of Insurance (CDI) has created this system to allow companies to make filings on-line rather than by submitting paper documents. back to top What is Registration? The “Registration” is for the first-time user to gain access to the application.

When Registration information is sent to the California Department of Insurance database, you will receive an email “OASIS – Please complete your registration” to complete your registration by clicking on the link in the email.
At this time you will be asked to create a password.
Note: The Login Name and Password are case-sensitive.

back to top What is the Work Items Basket Section? The first page you will come to is the “Work Items Basket” page. The “Work Items Basket” allows you to keep track of the work items that you have started and/or submitted. The “Work Items Basket” screen also allows access to the work items already created by clicking on the work item #.

However, at first, this section will be blank. After you have created and/or worked on a work item, the work item information will appear there. These work items can be shared with another user who can then upload documents, provide credit card information, and/or submit the filing to CDI. back to top What is the Work Items Basket Section? The “Access Other Work Items” section allows you to access another user’s work item and to upload documents.

This can be done only if the other user has enabled that work item to be shared and has given you the work item # and token. back to top What is a “Token”? A token is a simple password of any length and may include letters and/or numbers. The creator of the work item creates the token and can provide it to any other user so they can upload documents and/or submit the work item.

Back to top What is the Begin New Work Item Section? The last section, “Begin New Work Item” allows a user to create a new work item by first choosing an appropriate subject group.
Back to top How To Create a New Work Item.
To begin creating a new work item, find the “Begin New Work Item” section.
This section allows a user to create a new work item by choosing an appropriate subject group.

Start by choosing an application group from the drop down menu. Then press “Go”. Next you will come to the Subject Group page. Choose the appropriate work item and press “Go”. back to top What is “Sharing” in the OASIS System? The OASIS system allows multiple users to participate in the submittal of a work item.

The user who creates the work item is called the “owner.” The owner may allow other users to upload files and/or submit the work item. The owner must first provide a work item # and a token to the other user(s) in order for them to gain access to the specific work item. A token is a simple password of any length and may include letters and/or numbers.

The creator of the work item creates the token and can provide it to any other user who can upload documents and/or submit the application. The other users must first go to the CDI website and register. After completing registration, the user will come to the Work Items page.

Under the section “Access Other Work Items” the user will type in the work item # and token provided by the owner of the work item. This will take them to the Document Upload List page. Only the owner can share a work item. A “sharee,” a user, who has access to the work item but is not the owner, cannot share with another user.

back to top How to “Share” the Work Items in the OASIS System. OASIS allows multiple users to assist in the submittal of a work item. One person can start the process, and others can upload documents and assist in the credit card payment and submittal of the work item.

The first step towards sharing a work item begins when the creator of the work item clicks on the work item # on the Work Items Basket page.
This brings the user to the Document Upload List page.
Click on the “share” link and follow the instructions.
Back to top How to Use the “Share” Link on the “Access Other Work Items” Section.

To have access and share work items with another user, provide the user with the appropriate work item and token numbers. Type the numbers in the space provided and click on “Next”. back to top How to Delete or Resubmit an Incorrect File. If you have uploaded an incorrect document/file and: Have not submitted the filing : Click the next to that document to delete.

The old document/file must be deleted before the corrected document/file can be uploaded.
Or have submitted the filing : Please contact us at: [email protected],
Our staff will instruct you on how to resubmit a new/corrected document/file.
Back to top About Original Signatures for Form A and Form D.

What are the oasis process measures?

Quality Measures Used in the Home Health Quality Reporting Program The following three categories of quality measures are used in the Home Health Quality Reporting Program (HH QRP):

Outcome measures
Process measures; and
Patient reported outcome measures

This page contains brief descriptions of each measure type and how the data for that measure is calculated. The Downloads section below provides links to technical documentation, tables identifying which Home Health Quality Measures are risk-adjusted and reported publicly, and additional resources.

Questions about home health quality measures may be sent to [email protected],
Outcome Measures Outcome measures assess the results of health care that are experienced by patients.
The data for the Home Health outcome measures are derived from 2 sources: (1) data collected in the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) submitted by home health agencies; and (2) data submitted in Medicare claims.

Measures based on OASIS data are calculated using a completed episode of care that begins with admission to a home health agency (or a resumption of care following an inpatient facility stay) and ends with discharge, transfer to inpatient facility or, in some cases, death.

Measures based on home health claims data are calculated based on the first home health claim that starts an episode of care for a patient and end either 30 or 60 days after the initial claim, across an entire episode of care, or in the period of time following discharge (see section titled Claims-Based Measures below).

Many home health outcome measures are risk-adjusted. Risk-adjusted outcome measures are identified in the Home Health Outcome Measures Table (PDF) that is available in the Downloads section below. The risk adjustment methodology, using a predictive model developed specifically for each measure, compensates for differences in the patient population served by different home health agencies.

Improvement measures (i.e., measures describing a patient’s ability to get around, perform activities of daily living, and general health);
Measures of potentially avoidable events (i.e., markers for potential problems in care);
Utilization of care measures (i.e., measures describing how often patients access other health care resources either while home health care is in progress or after home health care is completed); and
Cost/Resource measures

For a list of home health outcome measures, please refer to the Home Health Outcome Measures Table, which can be located via the link for Home Health Measures Tables in the Downloads section below. Technical Specifications for calculating OASIS-based outcome measures, patient-related characteristics measures, and the factors used to risk adjust outcome measures, can be accessed via the link for Technical Documentation of OASIS-Based Measures in the Downloads section below.

Process Measures Process measures evaluate the rate of home health agency use of specific evidence-based processes of care. The HH process measures focus on high-risk, high-volume, problem-prone areas for home health care. These include measures pertaining to all or most home care patients, such as timeliness of home care admission.

Process measures are derived from data collected in the OASIS submitted by home health agencies and are calculated using a completed quality episode that begins with admission to a home health agency (or a resumption of care following an inpatient facility stay) and ends with discharge, transfer to inpatient facility or sometimes death.

Unlike the outcome measures, process measures are not risk-adjusted.
Risk adjustment is not considered to be necessary for process measures because the processes being measured are appropriate for all patients included in the denominator (patients for whom the measure is not appropriate are excluded).

The Home Health Process Measures include the following:

Timely Initiation of Care
Percent of Patients with an Admission and Discharge Functional Assessment and a Care Plan that Addresses Function
Drug Education on All Medications Provided to Patient/Caregiver during All Episodes of Care
Influenza Immunization Received for Current Flu Seasons
Influenza Immunization Offered and Refused for Current Flu Season
Influenza Immunization Contraindicated
Drug Regimen Review Conducted with Follow-Up for Identified Issues
Transfer of Health Information to the Patient
Transfer of Health Information to the Provider

For more information about these process measures, please refer to the Home Health Process Measures Table, which can be located via the link to Home Health Measures Tables in the Downloads section below. Technical documentation for calculating process measures can be accessed via the link to Technical Documentation of OASIS-Based Measures in the Downloads section below.

Collects feedback from current or recently discharged home health agency patients (or their family or friends) about their experiences with a home health agency
Is the first national standard for collecting information on home health agency patient experiences that allows for valid comparisons between home health agencies
Has a core set of questions
Allows home health agencies to add their own customized questions to the survey to support internal customer service and quality-related activities

CMS groups the HHCAHPS measures by topic into three composite measures and two overall measures. CMS publicly reports the HHCAHPS measures and they are called “patient survey results” on the Care Compare website. The five measure areas are: (1) Care of Patients, (2) Communications between Providers and Patients, (3) Specific Care Issues, (4) Overall Rating of Care, and (5) Patient willingness to recommend HHA to family and friends.

For more information on the HHCAHPS measures and the HHCAHPS survey, visit https://homehealthcahps.org/, Data sources for the HH QRP Measures CMS utilizes a range of data sources to calculate quality measures. HH QRP measures derive from three data sources, Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) assessment, Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) claims, and the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) Home Health Care Survey.

OASIS (patient quality of care) and HH CAHPS (patient survey results) data collection and reporting are requirements for providers participating in the HH QRP. Medicare FFS claims data are submitted by HHAs to receive payment for services provided for Medicare FFS patients.

Assessment-based measures Most HH QRP measures are assessment-based measures created using the OASIS assessment tool data. OASIS-based measures are created using counts of HH quality episodes and can be either process our outcomes measures. OASIS-based process measures are not risk-adjusted show how often home health agencies gave recommended care or treatments that research shows get the best results for most patients.

OASIS-based outcome measures are risk adjusted using available OASIS-based data elements. Claims-based measures Claims-based measures are a subset of home health outcome measures. We calculate them using Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) claims data. There are two types of claims-based measures: 1) claims-based utilization measures and 2) claims-based cost/resource use measures.

The first home health claim that starts an episode of care for a patient, and, as appropriate, the claim for the period after discharge.
Negative events like potentially avoidable hospitalizations or emergency department care, or a lack of such negative events.

These measures use healthcare utilization data to indicate whether patients achieved a successful outcome of care (e.g. Discharge to Community) or, instead, whether they have unresolved care needs. In most cases, lower values are better than higher values because they show fewer adverse outcomes for patients after receiving home health care. These are the five claims-based utilization measures:

Acute Care Hospitalization During the First 60 days of Home Health (ACH)
Emergency Department (ED) Use without Hospitalization During the First 60 Days of Home Health
Discharge to Community (DTC)
Potentially Preventable 30-Day Post-Discharge Readmission (PPR)
Home Health Within-Stay Potentially Preventable Hospitalization (PPH)

Claims-based cost/resource use measure The HH QRP also includes one measure of cost/resource use:

Medicare Spending per Beneficiary – Post-Acute Care (MSPB-PAC) Home Health.

This measure assesses the Medicare spending of a home health agency, compared to the average Medicare spending of home health agencies nationally for the same performance period. CMS usually updates the HH QRP claims-based measure results every year. However, due to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency HHQRP data submission requirements for the Q4 2019, Q1 2020, and Q2 2010 quarters were exempted.

The missing data for Q1 2020 and Q2 2020 will impact what is displayed on Care Compare; therefore, public reporting of home health agencies’ data will freeze after the October 2020 refresh.
This means that following the October 2020 refresh, the data publicly reported will be held constant for all refreshes in 2021, including October 2021.

What is the full form of Oasis?

Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS)

What is Oasis severity score?

OASIS is a novel severity score which aims to simplify risk adjustment in critical care. While calculation of traditional severity scores can be laborious, in particular as some scores have over 20 variables and 100 diagnostic categories, OASIS only requires 10 variables.


Data source	Score	AUROC	SMR
Hospitals across the USA (Cerner)*, 2010-2011	OASIS	0.837	0.91
	APS III	0.822	0.95
Oxford, Oxon, UK (John Radcliffe)	OASIS	0.776	1.122
	SAPS II	0.767	0.704
	APS III	0.751	1.107
Boston, MA, USA (MIMIC-II)	OASIS	0.790	0.921
	SAPS II	0.802	0.559
	APS III	0.785	1.017
	SAPS	0.764	–
	SOFA	0.748	–
Original publication of score	OASIS	0.837	0.91
	SAPS II	0.860	–
	APS III	–	–
	SAPS	0.770	–
	SOFA	–	–

AUROC confidence intervals were within 0.0003 of the reported value. Details regarding these performance comparisons can be found in my thesis, available through the Oxford Research Archive, titled Mortality prediction and acuity assessment in critical care,

Excel calculator MATLAB code Python code – thanks Tom Pollard!

OASIS is described in the following publication: A new severity of illness scale using a subset of Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation data elements shows comparable predictive accuracy, @article, author=, journal=, volume=, number=, pages=, year=, publisher= } If you find OASIS useful in your research, I would be grateful if you would cite the above.

Who is qualified to collect the Oasis data?

OASIS data are collected for skilled Medicare and Medicaid patients, 18 years and older, except for patients receiving services for pre- or postnatal conditions. Those receiving only personal care, homemaker, or chore services are excluded from OASIS data collection and submission requirements.

What is the purpose of the Oasis data set?

What is the Purpose of OASIS? – OASIS data sets help Medicare and Medicaid calculate reimbursement amounts for home healthcare patients. Information from the assessments is used to assign patients to a Home Health Resource Group (HHRG). The HHRG that a patient belongs to helps determine reimbursement rates under the Prospective Payment System (PPS).

Which Oasis certification is best?

Certificate for OASIS Specialist-Clinical (COS-C) Exam – The Certificate for OASIS Specialist-Clinical (COS-C) exam is the premier, nationally standardized, psychometrically validated test that evaluates an individual’s knowledge of CMS’ OASIS guidelines.

OASIS regulations
Data collection time points
Patient populations
Data collection conventions
OASIS data set item-by-item guidance

The COS-C exam was developed and administered by the OASIS Certificate & Competency Board (OCCB). Exam administrators go to great lengths to ensure that the exam is an accurate reflection of the most current CMS guidance, and that it is administered in a way to protect the integrity of the resulting COS-C designation.

What is risk adjustment on Oasis?

Agency rate is risk adjusted by adding to the observed rate the. difference between the national predicted rate and agency predicted. Agency (risk adjusted) = Agency(observed) + (National(predicted) – Agency(predicted))

Who owns Oasis insurance?

About Oasis Insurance’s Regulation – Oasisinsurance.co.uk is a trading name of UK Oasis Group Limited (Companies House Company Number: 12985786) which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority, FCA Firm Reference Number 943570. Registered address: 20-22 Wenlock Road, London, N1 7GU.

Travel Insurance from Oasisinsurance.co.uk is arranged and administered by Taurus Insurance Services Limited, an insurance intermediary licenced and authorised in Gibraltar by the Financial Services Commission under Permission Number 5566 and authorised to passport general insurance intermediary services into the UK and registered with the Financial Conduct Authority in the UK under registration number 444830.

The insurance is underwritten by Great Lakes Insurance SE. Great Lakes Insurance SE is a German insurance company with its headquarters at Königinstrasse 107, 80802 Munich. UK Branch office: 10 Fenchurch Avenue, London, EC3M 5BN, company number SE000083.

Great Lakes Insurance SE, UK Branch, is authorised and regulated by Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht. Deemed authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority. Subject to regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority, under registration number 769884, and limited regulation by the Prudential Regulation Authority.

Details of the Temporary Permissions Regime, which allows EEA-based firms to operate in the UK for a limited period while seeking full authorisation, are available on the Financial Conduct Authority’s website,

When did Oasis Organization start?

Oasis was founded in 1982 by Marylen Mann in St. Louis, Missouri.

What are the 4 types of process measurements?

The Four Types of Measures and Why Each is Important Last month, we talked about the, They were Workload Volume, Process Cycle Time, and Process Defects. Data is key to process management and improvement and relies on data measurement as a key component of creating this culture.

Throughout Gemba Academy’s videos and certifications programs, the importance of data and measurement are discussed continuously. If volume, time, and defects make up the most important process metrics, then what types of measures can we consider in a continuous improvement culture? These are input, process, output, and outcome measures.

Metrics can also be leading or lagging and each type has a specific function and value if used appropriately. For more on leading and lagging metrics, check out Gemba Academy’s blog article. Both leading and lagging metrics are important when it comes to continuous improvement.

The Input-Process-Output (I-P-O) model is a structured methodology for visually capturing the inputs to the process, the process steps that are required to transform inputs into outputs, and the outputs that go to the customer. These are three of the five parts of a, Outcomes drive a much deeper understanding of what the customer does with the output from your process.

Let us examine the four types of measures. Inputs. Inputs into your process are the raw materials that you transform through your process into tangible final outputs. These outputs go to the next step in the process or they go to the end customer. If an input — your raw material — is bad when it enters the process it will either cause defects in the process or in the output of the process.

The volume of inputs can dictate how much work you will have, so measuring the volume is often important. Too much volume can result in large batches of work in progress, causing stress on the system and overtime for your workers. Too little volume results in parts of your process sitting around in a waiting mode.

Process. Each of your process steps can be measured in many different ways. The end-to-end measurement of time and measurement of time of individual steps varies in many ways as well. Each step in the process will have a level of variance and certain defects (or quality).

If there is a decision point, where the process goes one way or another, the volumes of each occurrence can be measured. Measuring the process identifies where causes of problems occur, assists in diagnosing inefficiencies, and helps in identifying how to make process improvements. Outputs. Outputs describe the products and services that are produced by a process.

These can be completely internal, build to a final customer product, or go directly to the customer. Every process has at least one customer and one output, otherwise, why would it occur? Typical output measures gauge the quantity and quality of products or services delivered to customers.

In the Lean Six Sigma world, these are often quantified as critical to quality (CTQ) metrics in the voice of the customer (VOC). Outcomes. Outcomes are extremely unique and often overlooked by process owners. The customer of your process will do something with the output they receive. Often we think we know what that is, but we seldom ask.

This means we are often wrong. Understanding exactly what your customer is doing with your output can shed a lot of light on the value of your process output. It can also identify opportunities for you to improve the output. Outcomes essentially communicate the value that the process delivers to its customers.

What does CMS stand for?

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

Why is it called an oasis?

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A desert oasis, photographed from space In ecology, an oasis (; PL oases ) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment that sustains plant life and provides habitat for animals. Surface water may be present, or water may only be accessible from wells or underground channels created by humans.

In geography, an oasis may be a current or past rest stop on a transportation route, or less-than-verdant location that nonetheless provides access to underground water through deep wells created and maintained by humans. The word oasis came into English from Latin : oasis, from Ancient Greek : ὄασις, óasis, which in turn is a direct borrowing from Demotic Egyptian,

The word for oasis in the latter-attested Coptic language (the descendant of Demotic Egyptian) is wahe or ouahe which means a “dwelling place”. Oasis in Arabic is wāḥa ( Arabic : واحة ).

What is oasis database?

What is the OASIS Database? – The OASIS database is the Online Aerospace Supplier Information System. The OASIS database is an online system for tracking and viewing organisations within the Aerospace sector who have certification to one of the aerospace standards.

It was developed with the intention of enabling the Aerospace Scheme standards; AS9100, AS9120 and AS9110 to be as open and transparent as possible. It is also intended to help regulate the certification process and weed out fraudulent certificates which often occur within the certification industry.

We often receive emails and calls from organisations wishing to validate a certificate they have received from a supplier.99% of the time the certificate is valid but we do get those occasions where certificates have been fraudulently produced. Only today did we receive an email from someone questioning the validity of a certificate which turned out to be fake and now legal action will be sought.

I previously had an organisation fraudulently produce a certificate and claim to have ISO Certification, trading standards got involved and they were fined over £50,000. Even though there is the potential for huge fines organisations still produce fake certificates. Certification Bodies do as much as they can to prevent this but with technology nowadays it is possible to break pdfs and create what might be a very genuine looking certificate.

The only sure way was to contact the Certification Body whos name is on the Certificate. The OASIS database holds all valid certificates relating to the aerospace certification scheme to enable quick validation and monitoring.

What is the deep meaning of oasis?

Other forms: oases As you walk through the desert of life, may you always find your oasis — a place where you can find safety and sustenance. Although the literal meaning of oasis is “a green spot in the desert,” it can also be used to describe a peaceful area in our everyday lives.

noun a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary noun a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)

DISCLAIMER: These example sentences appear in various news sources and books to reflect the usage of the word ‘oasis’, Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Vocabulary.com or its editors. Send us feedback EDITOR’S CHOICE

What is severity symptoms scale?

The Symptom Severity Scale is a self-administered questionnaire that has been developed to assess the severity of symptoms in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

What is scoring of illness severity?

Scoring systems – Severity-of-illness scoring systems have been developed in critical care to provide a method of comparing the heterogenous population of critically ill patients. They are useful for comparing groups of patients for research, for comparing outcomes for different ICUs, and as models for prognostication.

Scores may relate to specific organ systems such as the Glasgow Coma Score and the Child-Pugh Classification of Liver Disease.
Others are aimed at assessing the overall level of illness of a patient.
The latter include the Mortality Prediction Model (MPM), Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Score (APACHE), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System and the recently produced Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre (ICNARC) Score.47,48 There is no specific scoring system used in ICU for obstetric patients.

The best-validated scoring systems commonly used in the critical care population are APACHE, MPM and SAPS. All of them are evolving tools and a variety of versions of each are in place.48 These models use a combination of acute physiological derangement, age, type of admission and underlying medical problems to generate a numerical score.

Although all three systems have methodological differences, they do have similar accuracy in predicting mortality.49,50 However, they have a number of limitations.51 These scoring systems have been developed and validated over time, and hence do not necessarily reflect current practice and treatments.

They were generated using populations of critically ill patients that may or may not reflect the patient being treated. There is also a problem with lead-time bias; patients who have been transferred from other departments or hospitals and have already had treatment instituted may have a different mortality to that predicted by their degree of physiological derangement on arrival at the accepting ICU.

Finally, there are specific problems with disease subsets.
Scoring models are generated from actual patient admissions, and for groups of patients less commonly represented, there are less-robust data underpinning the model.
Consequently, although scoring systems have significant utility in comparing groups of patients, they are less useful in the prognostication of individual patients’ outcomes.51–53 Several studies have examined the ability of scoring systems to predict mortality in obstetric cases.54–59 In general, obstetric patients have been found to have a lower mortality than that predicted by most (non-obstetric) models.

This has been ascribed to: (i) under-representation of pregnant patients in the data underpinning the models; (ii) the fact that the physiological changes of pregnancy are not accounted for in the models; and (iii) improvements in care since the models were produced.55–59 El Solh and Grant (1996) found that there was concordance between the predicted and actual mortality of 93 obstetric patients admitted to ICU compared with 96 age-matched non-pregnant female controls.54 They found that actual mortality of the obstetric group was 10.8%, with predicted mortality rates of 14.7%, 7.8% and 9.1, using APACHE II, SAPS II and MPM II, respectively.

There was no statistically significant difference between predicted and actual mortality. However, in this study, 32% of the obstetric patients were admitted with respiratory pathology and they accounted for 50% of the observed mortality.54 Respiratory pathology has a higher weighting in severity-of-illness scoring systems and it is possible that this caused unintended bias.

At present, there remains a lack of reliable illness-scoring systems for obstetric patients in ICU. Such a scoring system would be useful because it would allow better comparison of critically ill obstetric patients and thus enable comparison of research findings and institutional outcomes.

What is severity scoring system?

Asthmagen of PM – Points are assigned on the basis of whether the PM is an asthmagen or not. Yes: 4 No: 0 Unknown: 3 A number of studies have shown that the particle surface area is closely associated with lung responses, including tissue damage and inflammation in rat lungs ( Oberdorster et al., 1994; Tran et al., 2000 ).

This factor is accounted for by assigning higher severity scores to smaller particles (which would have a higher surface area compared with larger particles at the same mass concentration) and anisotropic particles (which generally would have higher surface-to-volume ratios). This factor is also accounted for by assigning higher probability scores to operations that have higher “dustiness” levels (see next section), which would invariably have higher overall surface area concentrations relative to operations with lower dustiness levels.

The overall severity score is determined on the basis of the sum of all the points from the severity factors. The maximum score is 100. Since nanoparticles usually behave much differently from their PMs because of their small scale, greater consideration was given to the NM characteristics (70 possible points out of 100) than to the PM characteristics (30 possible points out of 100).

Since the PM and the NM are both considered in determining the severity score, it should be understood that the PM ratings should not influence the ratings that are given for the same factor at the nanoscale (e.g., carcinogenicity)—that is, each factor should be rated independently of another. An overall severity score of 0–25 was considered low severity; an overall severity score of 26–50 was considered medium severity; an overall severity score of 51–75 was considered high severity; and an overall severity score of 76–100 was considered very high severity.

Read full chapter URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323353236000062

What are medical terminology words?

What is Medical Terminology – Medical terminology refers to the words and language used specifically in the medical and health fields. The proper definition describes medical terminology as language used to describe anatomical structures, procedures, conditions, processes and treatments in the medical field.

Prefix — appears at the beginning of a term and indicates a location, direction, type, quality or quantity.Root — can appear at the beginning of the word if prefix is absent, but the root indicates the primary meaning of the medical term.Suffix — appears at the end of the word and indicates a specialty, test, procedure, function, disorder or status.

What is the medical term path?

Path. / (pæθ) / abbreviation for. pathological. pathology.

What does enter mean in medical terms?

Positions and Directions

Part	Definition
en-	inside
end-, endo-, ent- enter-, entero-,	within; inner
epi-	Upon, outside of
ex-, extra-	beyond

What is hospitalization in medical terms?

Care in a hospital that requires admission as an inpatient and usually requires an overnight stay. An overnight stay for observation could be outpatient care.