Who first proposed a national health insurance system known as the “sickness insurance act”?

References –

1. ^ Bump, Jesse B. (October 19, 2010). “The arduous journey toward universal health coverage. A century of development strategy lessons “(PDF), Seattle’s PATH system. Obtainable on March 10, 2013 Carrin and James have determined that Germany attained universal health coverage in 1988, 105 years after Bismarck’s initial sickness fund regulations, as a result of these extensions of minimum benefit packages and expansions of the registered population. Barnighausen and Sauerborn have calculated the long-term growth in the proportion of Germans insured by public and private insurance. Their graph is shown in Figure 1 below: German Population Enrolled in Health Insurance, 1885-1995 (% of Population) Carrin, Guy, and James, Christopher (January 2005). “Social health insurance: Key determinants of the transition to universal coverage” (PDF).58 (1): 45–64. International Social Security Review. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-246x.2005.00209.x, Obtainable on March 10, 2013 Initially, the 1883 health insurance legislation included blue-collar employees in some sectors, artisans, and a few other professions.6 It is projected that this law increased health insurance coverage among the population from 5 to 10%. Barnighausen, Till
2. Sauerborn, Rainer (May 2002). One hundred eighteen years of the German health insurance system: what can middle- and low-income nations learn? (PDF), Social Science & Medicine,54 (10): 1559–1587. doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00137-X, PMID 12061488, Obtainable on March 10, 2013 As Germany’s SHI system is the oldest in the world, it lends itself readily to historical analysis.
3. ^ Leichter, Howard M. (1979). Comparative policy analysis of the health care policies of four nations Cambridge University Press, p.121, Cambridge. ISBN 0-521-22648-1, The Law on Sickness Insurance (1883). Eligibility. In December 1884, the Sickness Insurance Law came into force. It mandated participation by all industrial wage earners (manual workers) in factories, ironworks, mines, shipyards, and other comparable enterprises.
4. ^ Hennock, Ernest Peter (2007). The birth of the welfare state in Germany and England, 1850–1914: a comparison of social programs Cambridge University Press, page 157, Cambridge. ISBN 978-0-521-59212-3,
5. “Health care in Britain: pre-war provision, 1900–1939,” by Audrey Leathard, published in 2000. Provision of health care: the past, the present, and the twenty-first century (2nd ed.).3–4 pages. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes. ISBN 9780748733545,
6. Theodore R. Marmor, Wayne L. Hoffman, and Thomas C. Heagy (1975). Some Lessons from Canada’s Experience with National Health Insurance Policy Sciences,6 (4): 447–466. doi: 10.1007/BF00142384, ISSN 0032-2687, JSTOR 4531619,

Which nation implemented the first national health insurance program?

The first step towards a national health insurance system was taken in Germany in 1883 with the passage of the Sickness Insurance Law. Industrial businesses were required to offer accident and illness insurance for their low-paid employees, and the system was funded and controlled by employees and employers through “sick funds,” which were derived from wage deductions by workers and contributions by employers.

This social health insurance concept, dubbed the Bismarck Model after Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, was the first contemporary type of universal care. Other nations quickly followed suit. The National Insurance Act of 1911 provides coverage for primary care (but not for specialist or hospital care) for wage workers in the United Kingdom, covering approximately one-third of the population.

In 1912, the Russian Empire developed a comparable system, and other industrialized nations soon followed suit. Similar institutions existed in practically all of Western and Central Europe by the 1930s. Japan enacted a legislation mandating employee health insurance in 1927, which was expanded in 1935 and 1940.

In 1920, as a result of the 1917 Russian Revolution, the Soviet Union built a completely public and centralized health care system. At that time, however, it was not completely universal, as rural inhabitants were not protected. From 1939 to 1941, New Zealand established a national health care system through a number of measures.

In 1946, the Australian state of Queensland established a free public hospital system. After World War II, universal health care systems were established around the world. The United Kingdom inaugurated its comprehensive National Health Service on July 5, 1948.

• Next, the Nordic nations of Sweden (1955), Iceland (1956), Norway (1956), Denmark (1961), and Finland (1961) adopted universal health care (1964).
• Japan implemented universal health insurance in 1961, whereas Canada did it in phases, beginning with the province of Saskatchewan in 1962 and the remainder of the country between 1968 and 1972.

In the wake of the 1952 Egyptian revolution, a public healthcare system was implemented in Egypt. Eastern bloc nations established centralized public healthcare systems. In 1969, the Soviet Union introduced universal health care coverage to its rural citizens.

Kuwait and Bahrain each implemented universal healthcare systems in 1950 and 1957, respectively (prior to independence). In 1978, Italy established the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (National Health Service). In Australia, universal health insurance was adopted in 1975 with the Medibank, which was followed in 1984 by universal coverage under the present Medicare system.

From the 1970s through the 2000s, Western European nations began implementing universal coverage, with the majority of them expanding on pre-existing health insurance plans. For instance, France expanded upon its 1928 national health insurance system with successive laws covering an ever-increasing percentage of the population until the last 1% of the uninsured population was covered in 2000.

1. Finland (1972), Portugal (1979), Cyprus (1980), Spain (1986), and Iceland have all implemented single-payer healthcare systems (1990).
2. In 1994, Switzerland implemented a universal healthcare system based on an insurance requirement.
3. In addition, certain Asian nations, notably South Korea (1989), Taiwan (1995), Singapore (1993), Israel (1995), and Thailand, have implemented universal health care (2001).

Russia kept and modernized its universal health care system after the fall of the Soviet Union, as did other now-independent former Soviet republics and Eastern bloc nations. Beyond the 1990s, many countries in Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa, and the Asia-Pacific region, including developing countries, took steps to bring their populations under universal health coverage, such as China, which has the world’s largest universal health care system, and Brazil’s SUS, which increased coverage to up to 80% of the population.

• India implemented a taxpayer-funded, decentralized, universal healthcare system, which assisted in lowering death and malnutrition rates.
• In 2012, a research focused on nine of these nations: Ghana, Rwanda, Nigeria, Mali, Kenya, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam.
• Currently, the majority of industrialized nations and the majority of developing nations provide some sort of publically funded health care, with universal coverage being the ultimate objective.

The United States is the only affluent industrialized nation without universal health care, according to the National Academy of Medicine and others. Medicare (for elderly patients and some disabilities), Medicaid (poor income), the Military Health System (active, reserve, and retired military personnel and dependents), and the Indian Health Service are the only government-provided healthcare options (members of federally recognized Native American tribes).

Which nation instituted the first national health insurance program?

Department of Health and Human Services. Which nation implemented the first national health insurance program? Germany.

17 A SUMMARY OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE WITH UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, CHAPTER II Nineteen European nations, Canada, and Queensland, Australia, have enacted either mandatory or optional national unemployment insurance law. In light of the fact that the mandatory unemployment insurance systems in Great Britain and Germany are of special importance due to their extensive coverage and highly industrialized settings, their provisions will be examined in this chapter.

1. Due to the remarkable connection between the local political autonomy of these nations and the Federal-State relationships of the United States, the voluntary systems of Belgium and Switzerland are also discussed in considerable length.
2. GREAT BRITAIN With the passage of the National Insurance Act by the British Parliament in 1911, the United Kingdom was the first nation in the world to create national mandatory unemployment insurance.

The nature of the provisions of the insurance act was experimental. Since the plan’s inception, the legislation has been repeatedly and substantially amended in response to political pressures and the suggestions of three commissioners created to evaluate the system.

1. The most recent amendments to the system were included in a legislation approved on June 28, 1934, which was then included into an unified unemployment insurance statute passed on February 26, 1935.
2. The many changes and adjustments concerned coverage; contribution amounts and rates; The primary sources of information on the British provisions are as follows: Industrial Relations Counselors, Inc., An Historical Basis for Unemployment Insurance (The University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1934) ; “Unemployment-Benefit Plans in the United States and Unemployment Insurance in Foreign Countries”, Bulletin of the U, S.

Bureau of Labor Statistics No.544, (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1931) ; “Operation of Unemployment Insurance Systems in the United States and Abroad,” Monthly Labor Review, J.

When was Canada’s Health Act passed into law?

Currently, these national principles are codified in the Canada Health Act (the Act), which was overwhelmingly approved by the Canadian Parliament in April 1984.